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Rev. costarric. salud pública ; 17(32): 1-9, jul. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-581644

ABSTRACT

Una de las comunidades del Valle Central que ha sido afectada por el dengue es Pavas, ubicada en el sector oeste del cantón central de San José. Pese a los esfuerzos realizados por la Clínica de Pavas, la participación comunitaria, durante los últimos años fue débil e insuficiente para lograr el control de la enfermedad y prevenir la aparición de nuevos casos. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la percepción de vulnerabilidad individual y severidad de la enfermedad que tienen las personas de la comunidad de Metrópolis II de Pavas, con respecto al dengue y formular recomendaciones a las autoridades sanitarias locales que permitan diseñar estrategias de intervención desde la perspectiva comunal. La investigación se realiza durante el mes de noviembre del año 2006 y se aplica la metodología cualitativa. Dentro de los resultados destaca que el dengue no es una prioridad de salud en la comunidad de Metrópolis II; la priorización parte de las necesidades sentidas e insatisfechas de su entorno. Los entrevistados concuerdan en que cualquier persona sin distingo de sexo, edad o condición social es vulnerable a enfermar de dengue, sin embargo existe una estigmatización y una transferencia de responsabilidad a personas menos educadas, más pobres y externas al entorno social inmediato. Se perciben conocimientos erróneos con respecto a la causa de la enfermedad, el concepto de criaderos y el modo de transmisión de la misma. En cuanto a la percepción de severidad, la mayoría concordó que se trata de una enfermedad grave, peligrosa e incluso mortal.


The community of Pavas, located in the Central Plateau of Costa Rica and within it, in the western part of San José, has been one of the most-intensely affected areas by the recent dengue epidemic. Despite the efforts of the local clinic, community participation aimed at controlling the disease has been sparse and insufficient during the past couple of years so that the goal of preventing new cases has not been met. The purpose of this research was identify the perception of individual vulnerability as well as the severity of dengue fever among individuals living in the section of Pavas called Metrópolis II and, also, to come up with a set of recommendations for the local health authorities which would allow the latter to design interventional strategies from a community perspective. This qualitative study was carried out during the month of November 2006. The main finding is that dengue fever doesn´t represent a health priority for the Metrópolis II community, this priorization resulting from other needs which are felt to be important but not yet taken care of in their environment. The subjects interviewed for this study, agreed that any individual regardless of sex, age or social condition is at risk for acquiring dengue; nevertheless, there is still, stigma attached to this condition and also a transferring of responsibility for its acquisition to groups that are less-educated, poorer or foreign to the immediate social environment. We found mistakes in the knowledge of the causes of this illness, as well as regarding the concept of breeding sites as well as the mode of transmission of dengue fever. Regarding the perception of severity, the majority of those interviewed agreed that dengue fever is a serious and dangerous condition which can even be fatal or lethal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Dengue , Disaster Vulnerability , Severe Dengue , Costa Rica
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